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Which way did the AEG J.I's machine guns fire?

Short answer

Downward. The AEG J.I carried two 7.92 mm (.312 in) LMG 08/15 machine guns aimed at the ground, plus a Parabellum MG14 of the same calibre on a flexible mount for defensive fire. By the armistice of 11 November 1918, around 609 aircraft had been built between the J.I and J.II.

Which way did the AEG J.I's machine guns fire?
MG 08-15 FlugzeugversionUser:WerWil (CC BY), vía commons

Two guns pointing at the ground

The AEG J.I's offensive armament consisted of a pair of 7.92 mm (.312 in) LMG 08/15 machine guns arranged so that they fired downwards. That orientation completely conditions how the aircraft was used: the fire was not directed forward, as in a fighter, but at the ground the biplane flew over, so the target was lined up by taking the aircraft directly above it. Both weapons shared the same calibre, 7.92 mm, and were fixed installations, with no possibility of retraining them in flight.

A flexible gun for defence

The aircraft was not left defenceless against whatever came from behind or from the sides. In addition to the two fixed LMG 08/15s there was a single Parabellum MG14 machine gun, also 7.92 mm (.312 in), mounted on a rotating mount that allowed it to provide flexible defensive fire. The difference between the two installations separates two distinct roles within the same aircraft: immobile guns aimed at the ground to attack ground targets, and a third that could be pointed in different directions for self-protection.

An aircraft produced until the end of the war

The J.I was not an isolated experiment. Counting the J.I and J.II together, around 609 aircraft had been built by the time the armistice came into force on 11 November 1918, placing the family among the German aircraft of its class produced in series and used until the final stretch of the conflict.

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