Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor F-22A Block 1/2 (EMD)

The first two EMD aircraft were built to the Block 1.0 configuration and devoted to initial flight testing and envelope expansion. The third, a Block 2.0 machine, was built to represent the internal structure of production airframes, which allowed it to be tested under full flight loads. The EMD contract had originally ordered seven single-seat F-22As and two two-seat F-22Bs; cancellation of the two-seater in 1996 converted those two orders into single-seaters. The German designation of these airframes as "Vorserienvarianten" (pre-series) matches the role they played: none reached operational units.